The Effect Of Nutrition On Children And Its Economic Impact

The Value of Nutrition in Children and its Economic Impact Nutrition is the elements in food and drinks that are essential for the body to function, grow, and sustain a healthy life. Proper nutrition is particularly important to children and the lasting effects of inadequate or poor nutrition can be detrimental to a child’s long-term health and well-being. Nutrition plays a crucial role in the physical and mental development of children and can have a striking impact as they progress through their adolescent and adult lives. This issue paper will examine the correlation between nutrition in children and the impact it has on Health Economics. More specifically, this paper will focus on the impact of food insecurities in the United States, effects on future productivity in the workforce, effective nutritional policy, such as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), and how this particular policy contributes to the long-run health benefit for children of low-income communities. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), nutrition is defined as, â€Å"the intake of food, considered in relation to the body’s dietary needs.† Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals are considered nutrients and are essential to a person’s daily intake when consumed in the proper amounts. Nutrition is classified in two categories: adequate or poor nutrition. Adequate nutrition is one that has a balanced diet and incorporates regular physical activity. Adequate nutritionShow MoreRelatedPoverty Influences Children s Early Brain Development1521 Words   |  7 Pages Poverty Influences Children’s Early Brain Development Children have been the topic of many research studies and debates throughout history. Scientists, educators, social workers and teachers have debated the importance of nature and nurture in children s development. Our ideas of children are shaped greatly by the portrayal of children through media. Producers, journalists, and writers have the power to either portray children as passive or active agents in their development of social, academicRead MoreThe Importance Of Nutrition And Supportive Environment1526 Words   |  7 Pagesbeen found that nutrition plays an extremely important role in the early childhood development, to be specific, within 1000 days of period between conception to 2nd Birthday of child(1), the global movement of The First Thousand Days has started in 2010 in Washington DC. (2) The effect of receiving sufficient nutrients and support during this 1000 days opportunity window does not end at 2 years of age but does have long-term impact.(2). It is very important to have enough nutrition and supportiveRead MoreIntroduction. According To The World Bank, United Nations1581 Words   |  7 PagesChildren’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF), and the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 23% of children in Ecuador have stunted growth and 6% are underweight (2016). Children who are malnourished, especially from the ages of 0-2 years, are at a heightened risk for long term physical, mental, and social consequences. According to Skolnik (2016), 45% of childhood deaths are related to poor nutrition (195). Nutrition is a key factor in many of the Millennium Development Goals (MDG), either directly or indirectlyRead MoreNutrition : An Important Element Of A Healthy Population1341 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Nutrition has a direct impact on the level of economic development in an economy. Food policies are directly related to the level of economic performance. Substantial literature indicates that nutrition directly affects the level of population health in the economy. A healthy population is more economically productive compared to a starving population. Nutritional value directs affect significantly the level of economic development in a nation. This study will mainly focus on theRead MoreShould There Be Mandatory Nutrition952 Words   |  4 PagesShould there be Mandatory Nutrition Education in School? Every living thing needs nutrition in order to be surviving and growing healthier. 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Physical Activity and Exercise Exercise and physical activity have health benefits and areRead MoreFood Habits : Food Preferences Essay1556 Words   |  7 Pagesfunction of exposure frequency, suggesting that parent’s choices of the foods to offer their children may be an important determinant of their food preferences. But it may be worthwhile to encourage parents to offer their children as wide a variety of foods as possible, including foods that the parents themselves dislike. Children should learn to accept food by repeated exposures, denying young children the opportunity to taste a wide variety of foods may limit their range of acceptable foods asRead MoreTaking a Look at Malnutrition1761 Words   |  7 PagesMalnutrition is defined as â€Å"lack of proper nutrition, caused by not having enough to eat, not eating enough of the right things, or being unable to use the food that one does eat†. Some may argue that the main concept of malnutrition has to do with the amount of food and water that a certain group of people consumes in a specific location. Others are more likely to argue that it has to do with the bacteria and things that the food and water contain. It is both of these things. Malnutrition is a seriousRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms : Aid Or Adversary1652 Words   |  7 Pagesquestion rages whether GMOs are the key to alleviating several of the world’s struggles or if they are too riddled with dangerous ramifications. Advocates argue GMOs offer positive health effects. Additionally, they insist GMOs offer improved crop yield; nevertheless, opponents claim GMOs cause adverse health effects like increases in allergic reactions. Similarly, opponents maintain GMOs harm the environment through increased dependence on the use of herbicides. Some experts argue genetically modifiedRead MoreThe Effects Of Hunger On Children s Children1189 Words   |  5 PagesChildren who suffer from chronic hunger also suffer physically, emotionally and socially. The effects of hunger impact a child’s ability to develop both cognitively and physically. If the child survives early childhood, these long-term effects will follow him or her their entire life. For 200 million children in the world, this is their reality. (Two Degrees Food, 2014) In many cases, hunger starts during pregnancy, before the child is even born. This inherited malnutrition increases the child’s

Sabarmati Ashram - 1471 Words

Sabarmati Ashram is located in the Ahmedabad at the bank of River Sabarmati. This was one of the residences of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. This ashram is now a national monument established by the Government of India due to its significance for the Indian independence movement in the form of the Dandi March in 1930. The ashram was originally established at the Kocharab Bungalow of Jivanlal Desai on 25 May 1915. The Ashram was then shifted on 17 June 1917 to a piece of open land on the banks of the river Sabarmati. It was believed that this was ancient ashram site of Dadhichi Rishi who had donated his bones for a righteous war. Mahatma Gandhi said, This is the right place for our activities to carry on the search for truth and develop†¦show more content†¦The Gandhi Smarak Sangrahalaya displays pictographs that captured unforgettable moments from Mahatma Gandhis illustrious life. COLLECTION †¢ My life is my message gallery, consisting of 8 life-size painting and more than 250 photo-enlargements of some of the vivid and historic events of Gandhis life †¢ Gandhi in Ahmedabad Gallery, tracking Gandhis life in Ahmedabad from 1915-1930 †¢ Life-size oil painting gallery †¢ Gandhi quotations, letters and other relics exhibition †¢ Library consisting of nearly 35,000 books dealing with Gandhis life, work, teachings, Indian freedom movement and allied subjects, and a Reading Room with more than 80 periodicals in English, Gujarati and Hindi †¢ Archives consisting of nearly 34,117 letters to and from Gandhi both in original and in photocopies, about 8,781 pages of manuscripts of Gandhis articles appearing in Harijan, Harijansevak, and Harijanbandhu and about 6,000 photographs of Gandhi and his associates †¢ An important landmark of the Ashram is Hridaya Kunj where some of the personal relics of Gandhi are on display †¢ Ashram book store, a non-profit book store selling literature and memorabilia related to Gandhi and his life work and also supports local artisans. †¢ The Sabarmati ashram which receives about 7 lakh (700,000) visitors a year houses, photocopies of about 34,000 letters written by Gandhi and about 8000 photographs and 165 films and of course, Hriday Kunj, the house where Gandhi and Kasturba stayed fromShow MoreRelatedThe Library Of The Sabarmati Ashram1058 Words   |  5 PagesWhile working in the archives of the Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad, I came across a fascinating letter to MK Gandhi sent by 11 young women of Calcutta. The letter was undated, but it appeared to have been written in January, 1939. It was addressed to â€Å"Most revered Mahatmaji†, and was signed individually by the 11 women, all Hindus by their names. The letter was written in protest against an essay written by Gandhi for his journal, Harijan. Gandhi’s article, said these women, was â€Å"not very inspiring†Read MoreBritan Did Not Live Up to Their Promises to India Essay536 Words   |  3 Pagesindependence. Mohan Das Karamchand Gandhi was a national hero to the people of India. He was a national hero because he started a movement amongst the everyday people to go against the British and demonstrate for their freedom. Gandhi â€Å"founded the Sabarmati Ashram at Ahmedabad to practice the ideas of truth and non-violence.†(google.com) He went around the county in order to understand the people and to learn what their problems are. He created the method of Satyagraha which a non-violent protest forRead MoreGandhi s Effect On The World1174 Words   |  5 Pagesby the Indian National Congress. Mahatma Gandhi led the Dandi march from his Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi, Gujarat to make salt tax free, with growing numbers of Indians joining him along the way.† (Mahatma Gandhi... Salt March...). â€Å"Generally the march attracted large and enthusiastic crowds and generally the focus was on the issue of independence. But it was also a campaign of individuals, the soldiers of Gandhi’s ashram family, with all their human frailties. And it was these minor lapses amongstRead MorePersuasive Essay on Euthanasia963 Words   |  4 Pagesare put down by their owners consent. In essence, this act is seen as a humane way to relieve your pets suffering. So why are humans not shown the same compassion? A good example of this sort of situation was the killing of an ailing calf in Sabarmati Ashram (Mohandas Gandhi’s home) where the calf was dying and the surgeons looking after it deemed the animal beyond the point of help and hope. Gandhi stated, â€Å"In the circumstances, I felt that humanity demanded that the agony should be ended by endingRead MoreMahatma Gandhi : The Battle Of Wandiwash1250 Words   |  5 Pagesopponent, but on oneself†, said Mahatma Ghandi, a simple man, believed in a methodology of nonviolence and coined it as Satyagraha. Satyagraha is usually translated as â€Å"insistence on truth† and focuses on non-violent resistance. Ghandi founded the Sabarmati Ashram and asked his followers to adhere to ten principles: nonviolence (ahimsa), truth, do not steal, chastity (brahmacharya), non-possession, body-labor, control of the palate, fearlessness, economic strategy (swadeshi), and equal respect for allRead MoreA Research On Contemporary World History1041 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"satyagraha† (civil mass disobedience). â€Å"Do you want to know about this even briefly?† , Grandmother asked me. Feeling excited, â€Å"Yes, of course† , I replied. â€Å"Alright then, get ready† she added. On March 12, 1930, Gandhiji set out from his ashram (religious retreat), at Sabarmati near Amdavad (Ahmedabad) with some tens of his followers on a march of some 240 miles to the coastal town of Dandi on the Arabian Sea. There, Gandhiji along with his followers were to defy British policy by making salt from seawaterRead MoreEssay about Information and opinions about Gandhis death1978 Words   |  8 PagesCharkha (spinning wheel), which became the symbol of prosperity and integrity of India. Gandhi created a number of Ashrams or communities where men, women and children from all backgrounds and nationalities came to learn from his daily example on how to make non-violence and love the basis of their lives. One of the ashrams was the Sabarmati Ashram in the state of Gujarat. He understood the problems of the untouchables who were thrown out of society. He called these people â€Å"Harijans†Read MoreNational Festivals2272 Words   |  10 Pageson the 2nd of October in 1869, in Porbunder, Gujarat. He studied law in U.K and practiced law in South Africa. But he left his profession and returned to India to join the Indian freedom struggle. He established the Satyagraha Ashram in Ahmedabad and the Sabarmati Ashram, which became a platform for introducing long-needed social reforms such as `Harijan` welfare, small-scale industries and self-reliance and rehabilitation of lepers. Gandhi protested against the Rowlatt Bills and started a non-violentRead MoreSalt Satyagraha1584 Words   |  7 Pagessignificant organized challenge to British authority since the Non-cooperation movement of 1920-22, and the Purna Swaraj declaration of independence by the Indian National Congress on December 31, 1929. Mahatma Gandhi led the Dandi march from his Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi, Gujarat to produce salt without paying the tax, with growing numbers of Indians joining him along the way. When Gandhi broke the salt laws in Dandi at the conclusion of the march on April 6, 1930, it sparked large scale acts of civilRead MoreEducational Philosophies of R.N.Tagore and M.Gandhi3179 Words   |  13 Pagesworld culture, where East and West culture would meet at one place. ‘Shantiniketan –The Abode of peace’ imparted education in the lap of natural surroundings. It became International University with freedom, love, peace and sympathy. In Gandhi’s Sabarmati ashram, education has been provided to all people, irrespective of caste, colour creed or sex. All these educational institutions established a relationship between East and West, to promote intercultural and inter-society amity and understanding and

Graded Assignment Global Interactions Unite Test Free Essays

Portuguese explorers and conquers. They brought them to the new world for farm labor. On the other hand England and France thought of the same ideas, bringing African slaves from Africa to work mostly on sugar plantations. We will write a custom essay sample on Graded Assignment: Global Interactions Unite Test or any similar topic only for you Order Now In general Europeans couldn’t work on farms on their own, they felt like they needed others to work for them, so they bought slaves and shipped them to the new world in order for their farms and plantations to keep going. When Spanish and Portuguese explorers first settled in the new world, they thought of calming the land they discover to their country. As they settled and as trading went by in the new world, they couldn’t on the farms themselves. They basically needed others to work under their command. When the exploration went around the coast of Africa to reach India, they found what they call slaves to do farm labor in the new world. It started out as a trade with the Spanish and Portuguese and African tribe leaders. They slaves they traded for would be placed on slave ships and would be shipped to the new world. When they arrived at the new world, they wouldn’t have much freedom except on the farm science now they were owned by the Spanish and Portuguese. The main reason slaves were bought by the Portuguese was for farm labor and growing different types of crops for trade. On the other hand, other European nations explored the new world and claimed land as well. The reason their slaves are called Caribbean slavery, is because they went to the Caribbean and claimed land for their countries. But their lands weren’t the same as the Spanish and Portuguese. They had sugar and tobacco plantations. These type of plantations required hard work, and body strength. Of course Europeans couldn’t do such work. They also bought slaves from Africa into the Caribbean. The slaves are what helped these Europeans trade valuable crops for valuable items as well. As the Spanish and Europeans expanded their empires, they needed even more slaves for more work on more farms and plantations. And as their crops grew in size, their trade went greater too as well. This didn’t only help them trade within themselves but all the way to the far east of Asia. Europeans had successful trade by their successful crops which were grown by slaves. In conclusion, Caribbean and west African slavery had many similarities and differences. Without the idea of slave trade and their farm and plantation labor, Europeans wouldn’t have been the most successful traders in the world. During the 15th and 16th century, had control over the worlds trade. This trade mastering didn’t only end with some crops, but many newly introduced crops to Europe helped strengthen their trade but also required trade for even more slaves. Slaves were a basic factor for Europeans in order to achieve success. How to cite Graded Assignment: Global Interactions Unite Test, Papers

Manage Personal Work Priorities and Professional Objectives

Question: Discuss about the Manage Personal Work Priorities and Professional Objectives. Answer: Introduction Every working official needs to establish some working goals that would provide him or her with the ability to achieve greater efficiency at their performance. Goals or objectives helps in making the person organized, focussed and skilled (Goetsch and Davis 2014). It throws light upon the effective management nature of the person that would raise the positivity at the workplace. The aim of this report is to analyse my situation as the operations manager of a telecommunications company. Being the manager, it is quite important for me to analyse the goals and the key performance indicators that would help me to measure and stabilise the financial objectives of the organization. This report frames the work plans for the prioritised goals that would help in managing the competing demand around the organization. Background of the Organization Cellular Providers is a growing wireless communications industry, which provides various related services and products in the market. Cellular provider aims at providing the best quality care to its customers. The company generates its revenue from a variety of phones and full range accessories and services being provided. The company aims at expanding the market share and raise the revenues of the organization by being the leader in the distribution of wireless communications and services of the United States. The financial objectives of the organization is to maximise the revenue of the organization where Cellular Providers is currently seeking funding in the amount of $100,000 for the purpose of increasing market share, opening up additional retail locations, hiring additional staff, and effectively advertising and promoting its services. The company uses various pricing and promoting policies in order to implement its plans to achieve the business goals. Personal and team goals Being the operations manager of the organization, it is very crucial for me to analyse the prime goals both for myself and for the firm as a whole (Foss. and Knudsen 2013). This would maintain the smooth functioning of the organization, thereby providing the organization better results related to the financial management, organizational effectiveness, organizational leadership and risk management. There are five goals that I had set in accordance with the missions and visions of the firm, as follows : Setting clear objectives for the organization in terms of market share Recognizing and framing strategic alliances with the companies Providing better products to the customers Raise the profit margin of the organization Implementing the best technology in producing superior products Key performance indicators Key performance indicators act as a tool to measure the goals that are set by the officials in an organization. In this aspect, the five goals that are set for the betterment of the organization, it is quite crucial to acknowledge the key performance indicators to measure the goals (Brigham. and Ehrhardt 2013). In this context, there are three key performance indicators, namely, profit earned by the organization , amount of sales generated by the organization in a span of 6 months and amount of funds that have been able to perceive to implement future expansions. The profit earned by the organization would help in measuring the rise in the profit margin of the organization, whereas, the sales record on the span of 6 months would help in analysing the quality of work being provided to the customers along with measuring the clarity of the objectives being set by the organization (Hill and Jones 2013). The last key performance indicator is amount of funds that have been able to perceive to implement future expansions. This would help in measuring the efficiency of the organization for maintaining strategic alliances with other partner companies. Maintenance of performance It is quite essential to attain a positive remark from the key performance indicators, that would help in achieving the goals that have been framed. There might be many disturbances at workplace that might disturb the smooth framework of the organization. As a manager it is my duty to analyse those situation and try to improvise the situation in a better way. If the team members are not clear regarding the objectives of the work to be done, it should be my duty to take the initiative to make it clear for them to implement the work and seek objectives. Customer satisfaction might get disturbed due to some bad experiences they had gained through the company. It must be important for the team as a whole to implement various strategies and techniques to retain the satisfaction of the customers (Nonaka et al. 2014). Employees, who are an important part of the organization, must always be satisfied. As a manger, I must adhere to their problems and motivate them to work better, and acknowledge their hard work with rewards. Along with these specifications, I must pay heed as to the approaches being made to the partner companies, to gain their confidence towards the organization and help in funding the budget. Manage personal traits at work My strengths are that I am a good listener, a motivator, an efficient strategic analyst and a good leader, whereas, my weaknesses is that I am quite lenient towards the employees. It is quite vital for me to use my strengths in order to frame the best strategical framework for the team, so that they achieve the goals that are set. Being a good listener, I can adhere to the problems of both the customers and the employees. It would help me set clear objectives in front of the employees. Being a motivator along with an efficient strategic analyst, I can motivate the employees to upgrade their performance, thereby raising their skills at work and delivering expert results. This would correspondingly provide better response from the customers as well and raise the sales of the company. Being a good leader, I can manage the organization with greater efficiency and by acknowledging the hard work of my team. My weakness of being lenient towards the employees of the organization helps me gai n their trust and confidence, yet I am learning to maintain the balance between leniency and strictness maintained in the organization, so that it does not lead to any unethical scenario of the organization. Prioritising work goals Among the five work goals that were set above, there are two goals, which are of high priority for me and for the organization as a whole. Those two goals are Providing better services to the customers Raise the profit margin of the organization These two goals can help in achieving all the other remaining three goals. Thereby, it would be a chain reaction created. Hence, it can be stated that among the five goals listed above, these two goals are the most vital goals to be followed. It would be quite beneficial for the organization, if I would analyse a work plan in order to achieve these two goals. Work plans Work activity Description Goals KPIs Timeframe Person responsible Customer incentives and provisions. Special services to the customers must be rendered, that would provide them with discounts, extra benefits of bringing new customers and seasonal rewards for being a loyal customer. An initiative must be taken to provide them with the best along with these extra benefit. This would help in retaining the customers to the organization. Providing better services to the customers Sales record of the organization in a span of 6 months. 6 months Operations Manager Use of extensive technological implements to raise the superiority of the products in the market, among the competitors. Raising the profit magin of the economy can be only done by framing efficient pricing an competitive stratgeis in the organization along with the adoption of efficient technology. this would help in reducing the cost of production of the organization and use these methods to implement better production results. Raise the profit margin of the organization. Profit earned by the organization 8 months Operations Manage Positive role model Being a manager in the organization, it is quite important for me to play the positive role of being an efficient leader. It is my duty to maintain the positivity in the environment of the workplace. One of the most important attribute of the role model is to be appreciative of others. I must appreciate and praise the hard work of the people. Second attribute adhered to a role model is that I must volunteer to the employee with my time. Listening to the problems and needs of the employees and the customers patiently should be considered as one of my key aspects. I should avoid resisting sarcasm, biased behaviour and dishonesty, so that I set an impressive personality in front of others (Briggs, Morrison and Coleman 2012). Maintain work life balance Amidst all the work, there must be a thin line balance between work life and personal life. I must take measures so that I do not interfere my personal responsibilities with the work life. The balance can be attained by maintaining proper mindset, having goals both for work life and personal life, and in the end, managing time with great efficiency (Pssil and Vince 2015). Conclusion Goals or objectives helps in making the person organized, focussed and skilled. It throws light upon the effective management nature of the person that would raise the positivity at the workplace. Being the manager of the organization, it is very crucial for me to analyse the prime goals both for myself and for the firm as a whole. By framing the goals and using key performance indicators as a tool to measure the goals that are set, it helps in analysing the path at which the company is. According to the goals, specific work plans must be set in order to achieve the goals. It helps in reframing the strategies in order to achieve the goals of the firm. Setting a positive role model for the people of the organization and maintaining the work life balance are the major attributes of an efficient leader. Reference Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014.Quality management for organizational excellence. pearson. Pssil, A. and Vince, R., 2015. Critical reflection in management and organization studies.Researching Critical Reflection: Multidisciplinary Perspectives, p.48. Nonaka, I., Chia, R., Holt, R. and Peltokorpi, V., 2014. Wisdom, management and organization.Management Learning,45(4), pp.365-376. Briggs, A.R., Morrison, M. and Coleman, M., 2012.Research methods in educational leadership and management. Sage Publications. Brigham, E.F. and Ehrhardt, M.C., 2013.Financial management: Theory practice. Cengage Learning. Hill, C.W. and Jones, G.R., 2013.Strategic management theory. South-Western/Cengage Learning. Shafritz, J.M., Ott, J.S. and Jang, Y.S., 2015.Classics of organization theory. Cengage Learning. Foss, N.J. and Knudsen, C., 2013.Towards a competence theory of the firm(Vol. 2). Routledge. Giacalone, R.A. and Rosenfeld, P., 2013.Impression management in the organization. Psychology Press.

Future of the Technology of Human Resource

Human resource management refers to the manner in which an organization handles issues affecting its workforce. It involves the process of conducting selection, recruitment, training, rewarding, appraisal and separation. Currently, these processes utilize both technological and manual techniques. This is necessary because the employees are rational and have the ability to choose. As such, they have the ability to dictate what they want in an organization.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Future of the Technology of Human Resource specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On that basis, it is difficult to enforce technology to a high degree since it is prone to diverse weaknesses. Some of the weakness could include inability to handle specific human tasks, technological failure or unpredictability of human behavior. It is essential to realize that multiple changes are being addressed to make technology suitable for the dyna mic field regardless of the presence of weaknesses (Fleetwood Hesketh, 2010). Currently, most organizations utilize technology to conduct selection and recruitment processes. This nature of technology is subjected to significant uncertainties. Most organizations incorporate the manual process of candidates meeting the human resource management personnel to prevent the weaknesses. Through this process, they can ascertain that the chosen employees are suitable for their organization. However, this process is still subject to human errors that arise from biasness and mental weakness of predicting the future. The process of conducting training and development in the course of employment is another critical element of the organization. Through this process, the organization can impart skills and knowledge to its workforce. Such an investment is vital for the organization to realize its goals and objectives. Most organizations employ apprenticeship and further education to realize their goals. When employees are equipped with the appropriate skills and knowledge for their tasks, it is also important to evaluate the rewarding criterion. In this case, organizations base their remuneration on the contributions and knowledge of the employees. This involves provision of monetary and non-monetary benefits to employees. As a result, such a system will provide morale for employees to achieve the organization’s objectives. In addition, it is essential to consider the working environment and living conditions of the employees. This enables them to work efficiently for the organization (Ulrich, 1997). In the course of the employment term, organizations conduct appraisal process to assess the performance of their employees. Through this process, they can establish the real contributions made by each employee. This will assist the organization realize optimum performance of their employees.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can hel p you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Moreover, it will assist them to make recommendations for employees that need to be promoted, sent for further training or retrenched. External parties conduct this process through the manual process. Therefore, it assists the organization to boost the morale of their employees while retaining resourceful employees (Heneman Greenberger, 2002). As employees progress in their career paths, it is vital to prepare them for separation. In this case, the employees are given skills and knowledge on how to survive once they move out of the organization. This process is critical for the organization, since employees will have to move out when they are old. As such, it requires the preparation of employees both psychologically and financially. Such a process will minimize the organization’s exposure to risk. In addition, the employees who leave the organization will always be good ambassadors. The development of technology d emands incorporation of effective human resource information systems that will boost its tasks. In this case, all elements of human resource management will be undertaken in an efficient manner that will increase its overall effectiveness. Initially, the technological facilities utilized to conduct selection and recruitment process must suit the needs of the organization. In this regard, the facilities for conducting the process will be customized to the needs of the organization. As such, organizations will be required to outline their needs from candidates intending to take part in the process. Under such a process, candidates will be subjected to tests that assess their mental capabilities and suitability to the opportunities available. This will eliminate any form of human weakness. In addition, the organization will select and recruit the candidates in an ideal process. Similarly, as time progresses, technology will facilitate organizations to identify their employees at a tend er age, which will enable them to groom and train them as per organization objectives (Losey, 2005). This organization’s activity will boost the performance of the employees selected and recruited. As a result, it will minimize the level of labor turnover leading to a high degree of labor retention. The process of training and developing employees will be another critical element of the human resource. In this case, various technologically enabled means will be adopted to impart knowledge and skills to the employees. This will lead to improvement of quality of the organization employees. In addition, employees will be able to deliver without any interruption. Working for an organization will not demand physical consolidation of the workforce in a specific location. This means that employees will work at their own convenience while getting experience and improving their skills. Consequently, employees will develop mastery of work in their areas of specialization without necess itating the organization to incur expenses in the process of further training and education.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Future of the Technology of Human Resource specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Remuneration process will also be positively influenced by technology. The remuneration system will be tailored towards the needs of the employees. This implies that both monetary and non-monetary benefits will be integrated to suit the needs of the employees. As such, employees will be rewarded based on their contributions and value to the organization. This will demand the improvement of delivery of services since most labor will be outsourced. Therefore, through utilization of the technologically enabled means of payment, employees will receive their remuneration. In addition, the environment in which employees operate in should be ideal. This will involve the provision of incentives and working conditions that promote retention of employees (Rothwell et al., 2008). Consequently, employees’ morale will be high, and their contributions to the organization will be significant. The process of appraisal will be effective with high-tech techniques. In this case, organizations will adopt technological facilities that will monitor and assess the performance of employees. This will eliminate human bias and weakness experienced previously. Since most labor will be outsourced, the employees’ contributions will determine their remuneration. In addition, a clear channel for employees to raise issues on their performance will be developed. This will reduce instances of conflicts and strikes. As a result, the activities of the organization will be re-engineered to customers’ satisfaction. In addition, the organization will identify the appropriate employees for their activities. Employees with impressive work will be promoted to improve their attitude towards the nature of their con tribution. Thus, employees will be appreciated for their efforts while gaining ideal remuneration. At the retirement stage, an ideal technological system will be used to conduct the separation process. This will involve identification of individuals that would have reached the retirement age, and preparing them for the retirement. In this regard, technological facilities will be utilized to offer them with the right skills and knowledge for their future lifetimes. This will involve preparation of individuals to live in the environments for senior people or nursing homes. Through this process, technology will be adopted to offer choices to employees. At the same time, employees will be offered ideal material benefits for working in the organization. This will consist of both monetary and non-monetary benefits (Tan, 2002). In the future, the technology adopted for conducting human resource activities will be very effective and dynamic. In this case, optimum output will be realized fro m the business operations.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As such, there will be many technological facilities that will be incorporated in ensuring the success of transactions and partnerships. Considering this impact, the next few years will be influenced by technologies such as ASPs, voice recording, web portals, mobile web and e-signatures. Such technologies will evolve to create an overhaul of the human resource management system in the future. As a result, the standards of human resource activities in the organization will be complex and unique to their needs. For this reason, few resources will be invested in the organization’s activities while output will be high. Consequently, this will lead to high productivity of the employees caused by their satisfaction in their careers. Finally, this technological advancement will improve the standards of human resources. References Fleetwood, S., Hesketh, A. (2010). Explaining the performance of human resource management. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Heneman, R. L., Greenb erger, D. B. (2002). Human resource management in virtual organizations. Greenwich, Conn.: Information Age Pub.. Losey, M. R. (2005). The future of human resource management: 64 thought leaders explore the critical HR issues of today and tomorrow. Alexandria, Va.: Society for Human Resource Management ;. Rothwell, W. J., Prescott, R. K., Taylor, M. W. (2008). Human resource transformation: demonstrating strategic leadership in the face of future trends. Mountain View, Calif.: Davies-Black Pub.. Tan, F. B. (2002). Global perspective of information technology management. Hershey, PA: IRM Press. Ulrich, D. (1997). Human resource champions: the next agenda for adding value and delivering results. Boston: Harvard Business School Press. This essay on Future of the Technology of Human Resource was written and submitted by user Kaelynn Ball to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Moral Corruption at Its Finest Essay Example

Moral Corruption at Its Finest Essay Example Moral Corruption at Its Finest Essay Moral Corruption at Its Finest Essay Moral Corruption at Its Finest How human beings behave in society is dictated by moral standards of conduct that are generally accepted as right or proper. This sense of morality can become perverse such that the lines between right and wrong are blurred. The person becomes depraved and their behavior eschews what is generally considered to be right. In the novel The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald the characters are portrayed in an immoral manner. F. Scott Fitzgerald displays the destruction of morals in society during the era of the Jazz Age. The main characters: Nick Carraway, Daisy Buchanan, and Jay Gatsby are categorized as morally corrupt; they lose their values in attempt to find their place in the social world. These characters act this way naturally; their immoral actions are common nature to them and feel no guilt for their actions. The Great Gatsby displays moral corruption in the main characters lives, by showing their immoral decisions and actions. Jay Gatsby is one of the main characters that blatantly displays moral corruption. He obsessively pines and pursues a former lover even after she becomes another mans wife. At Gatsbys party, Gatsby talks to Jordan Baker in private and asks to rrange a meeting with Daisy. Jordan meets with Nick and says Daisys not to know about it. Gatsby doesnt want her to know. Youre supposed to invite her to tea (Fitzgerald 85). Nick calls up Daisy and invites her to tea, he tells her she cannot bring Tom and Daisy playfully agrees. Gatsby relies on Nick to arrange this meeting, he knows its wrong because shes married and hes involving her own cousin, but he doesnt care, his desire for Daisy is too powerful. Daisys husband, Tom learns who Gatsby is and attends one of Gatsbys extravagant parties, he says, l picked him for a ootlegger the first time I saw him and I wasnt far wrong (Fitzgerald 141). After Gatsbys young romance with Daisy, he falls in love with her and what she represents; he then dedicates his life to becoming wealthy and superior. He obtains this dream quickly by being in the bootlegging business, illegally transporting alcohol. In the beginning of Daisy and Gatsbys love as young adults, He might have despised himself, for he had certainly taken her under false pretenses (Fitzgerald 156). Loving Daisy made Gatsby the man he was, he became a man of wealth and he aspired to be this powerful for Daisy. In the beginning, he lies to Daisy because he doesnt want to lose her; rich girls dont marry poor boys. Gatsby uses his war uniform as a mask to hide his true identity causing her to believe he was of the same social class. Gatsby is immoral under these events in the novel; he alters whats right to get what he wants. Daisy Buchanan is a married woman who is completely morally corrupt; she finds it acceptable to cheat and lie to keep herself happy. In June she married Tom Buchanan of Chicago with more pomp and circumstance than Louisville ever knew before (Fitzgerald 80), she married Tom for the money, l never loved im, (Fitzgerald 39), said Daisy. Daisy marries Tom to earn her status as a socialite ana to ootaln tne power tnat nls wealtn orlngs. Dalsy truly only cares aoout nerselT and will stop at nothing to get what she wants. One evening, Gatsby is in the Buchanan home and, As Tom left the room, Daisy got up and went over to Gatsby, and pulled his face down kissing him on the mouth (Fitzgerald 122). Daisy is in her own home with her husband in the next room and guests around and thinks it is acceptable to kiss Gatsby nonchalantly. She enjoys spending time with Gatsby and he does not care who knows about their relationship because she only cares about her happiness. At the end of the novel, Tom says to Nick, The fellow had it coming to him. He threw dust into your eyes Just like he did in Daisys, but he was a tough one. He ran over Myrtle like youd run over a dog and never stopped his car (Fitzgerald 187). Daisy never owns up and admits that she was the driver that night and she was at fault for killing Myrtle. She is careless, she only cares about the material things in life and the messes she makes are left for others to clean up. Daisy is inconsiderate nd unconcerned with other people, she only cares for herself and will go to any length to get what she desires. Nick Carraway tries to be the neutral party that remains peaceful with everyone, but trying to do so causes him to be utterly unethical. Early in the novel, Tom says to Nick, l want you to meet my girl (Fitzgerald 28). Nick is Daisys cousin, but he meets Toms mistress anyway without much objection. Although Nick finds himself to be decent, he allows all the cheating and lying to occur. In order for Gatsby to rekindle the love with Daisy, he uses Nick to, call up Daisy from the office he next morning and invite her for tea (Fitzgerald 88). Gatsby goes to Nick for help to see Daisy. Nick knows she is married but arranges their secret meeting anyway; he allows the people around him to cheat on each other. At the end of the novel, Nick runs into Tom and thinks there was nothing I could say except the one unutterable fact that it wasnt true (Fitzgerald 187). Nick knows the truth about Daisy being the driver of the car that kills Myrtle, but he doesnt tell the truth in order to clear Gatsbys name. Nick allows everyone to do as they please and he does nothing o stop the moral corruption that occurs. Because of this, Nick is unquestionably morally corrupt, he allows the people he associates himself with to be immoral, but claims he is the most decent; you are the company you keep. F. Scott Fitzgeralds, The Great Gatsby is filled with morally corrupt characters. The characters are too interested in their selfish lifestyles in the East. Nick Carraway is a middleman of all immoral failures tthroughout The Great Gatsby; he tries to be a nonjudgmental person but instead he is the epitome of a depraved person who continuously blurs the lines between right and wrong. Gatsby is obsessive, he becomes consumed with his belief that he is driven by love but it is more of a reckless destruction that ruins his moral compass. Daisy is fanciful and impetuous, but savvy and cunning enough to maintain her place in society; she is motivated by impulsive desires and earthly pleasures. The characters in The Great Gatsby clearly illustrate that ones path to social acceptance can be a precarious step towards moral depravity. In the end, Nick, Daisy, and Gatsbys moral ambiguity leads to the destruction of one and the continuity of immoral lives without consequences for the others.

Food Safety - Chemical, Microbiology, etc Term Paper

Food Safety - Chemical, Microbiology, etc - Term Paper Example In the wake of the salmonella outbreak, many companies withdrew their peanut butter products from the market. Nearly seventy companies recalled 125 peanut butter products. A large number of adults and children had fallen ill, after consuming the King Nut brand peanut butter. Tests conducted by the CDC and other state health institutions have confirmed traces of salmonella in the peanut butter, manufactured by the King Nut company. This brand is supplied in large containers to organizations, such as nursing homes, schools, and hospitals. However, consumption of peanut butter products of other companies that were sold to customers in retail outlets or grocery stores did not contain salmonella. The contaminated peanut butter was not sold directly to the consumers. It was supplied to food service providers in the States of Ohio, Michigan, North Dakota, Minnesota, Arizona, Idaho, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and Florida. It was then redistributed to retail sellers. According to the Minnesota Department of Health, traces of salmonella bacteria were found in a container of King Nut brand peanut butter. This came to light on account of preliminary laboratory tests conducted on samples of peanut butter. The E. coli outbreak of 1993 had claimed the lives of three children in Western Washington. In January and February of that year, these children had consumed meat contaminated with the E. coli bacteria. This outbreak also caused 450 people to fall ill; in addition, a few others were rendered ill after being exposed to people who had been infected with these bacteria. Finally, the cause of this infection was traced to the undercooked meat served in the Jack in the Box Restaurants. Acylamide is a carcinogen and neurotoxin that is formed in a number of food products.

Case Analysis of Starbucks Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Case Analysis of Starbucks - Research Paper Example The company’s management acted promptly, under the leaderships of the CEO Schultz, to resolve internal weaknesses and to adapt to the changing external market environment to ensure the survival of the organization in this industry. The survival of the company in tough market environment can be associated with the ability of the leader to work together with the company to satisfy all the shareholders of the organization. This essay presents an analysis of the Starbucks Corporation and the basic strategies that the company has deployed to win the coffee market. First, the paper will present the background of the company, covering its environment, the industry and the major players in the coffee industry. Next will be a critical analysis of the company’s strategies and the various emerging market conditions that underpins the organizational performance. This will provide a good ground to provide alternative approaches that Starbucks would have used to support its development strategy. Starbucks is a company that started back in 1987 in Seattle, Washington by Baldwin, Siegel and Bowker. The company started with nine stores in the domestic market, and the main products include whole beans and coffee products. Schultz became the CEO of Starbucks in 1987, after acquiring the company and receiving a majority vote from the company directors. During this stage company ventured in the domestic market and Schultz helped the company to focus on the customer value model. This left Starbucks as a dominant market stakeholder in the marketing strategy. The company opened more stores in US to take advantage of the growing demand of coffee in the domestic market (Buchanan and Simmons 517). The companys vision was to satisfy the customers through unique coffee products that they had not tasted before. The company focused on diversifying its products when after a long debate they introduced the non-fat

From the period of the Spanish American War through the end of World Essay

From the period of the Spanish American War through the end of World War two, why does the United States move from relative isol - Essay Example The initial consequence of this increased global involvement resulted in a psychological and cultural impact on the American society that established a sense of supremacy in the minds of the general population about their country’s standing in the world. Another consequence of America’s increased global involvement was the economic development that was observed as a result of its emergence and ultimate dominance on the international stage during the period between the Spanish American War and World War II. The reason why the United States went to war against Spain in 1898 was because from its early days, policymakers in the country believed that Cuba’s geographic location was of monumental significance to the United States. Moreover, Spain’s loss of the majority of its lands in Central and South America led some of the politicians to suppose that France or Great Britain may take sweeping action to take control of Cuba and cause a great measure of problems for the United States. As Cuba became an important producer of tobacco and sugar cane, North American investment in the island saw a tremendous increase; the great degree of these economic relations by 1895 between the two countries was becoming more and more significant, as the U.S became an importer of 90% of Cuba’s sugar produce1. 30 years before the Spanish American war broke out, the Cubans had begun fighting for independence2, and this quest for freedom reached its climax in the year of 1895 when General Maximo Gomez, with his inadequate militia rose against a powerful Spanish army. The persistence of the Cuban insurgents came as a surprise to the Spanish opponents, who vowed to answer with a much ruthless response, killing about one fourth of the island’s population by 1898. As the Spanish government carried out its bloody campaign to repress the Cuban uprising, secretary of state, Richard Olney faced rising public demands to intervene in the matter to which the U.S made it clear to Spain that with the onset of war between the two nations, the United States considered its interests in Cuba being in danger. The event which ultimately triggered the Spanish American War occurred on February 15th 1898 when USS Maine, a US navy battleship blew up Havana harbor, killing 266 people. The US media heavily speculated that this act had been performed on the part of the Spain and even though diplomatic intermediaries from both sides intervened to resolve the issue, Congress went on to declare Cuba independent upon President McKinley’s request, demanding Spain’s withdrawal from the island and empowering the US president to engage in a war with Spain if it refused to recognize Cuba’s independence. When Cuban nationalists had first cried for independence, their determination to seek their goal had been evident but the lack of personnel and resources on their part could never have compensated for the

Algorithm For Segmentation Of Urdu Script English Language Essay

Algorithm For Segmentation Of Urdu Script English Language Essay Segmentation of script plays a vital role in script recognition. It is vital to understand the script that is used in writing a document before developing or using a model to recognize it. Chain codes etc. In ligature model, word model is used at document, page and word level for segmentation. Our algorithm for segmentation of Urdu script used character model and Hidden Markov Model (HMM) to enhance work done previously. We have extracted features from images and calculated the maximum likelihood to match characters in inference algorithm with a feature extracted from a text sample. The main features used in the system will be pre-processing, connected component analysis, recognition and segmentation of text up to character level. The algorithm will provide a means to implement an Urdu OCR system on the basis of the character model. Keywords Preprocessing, Segmentation of characters, character model, Optical character recognition (OCR), max and argmax. Introduction We use an OCR system / scanner to get images of text [1]. Into preprocessing image will be converted to noiseless B/W image. 1.1 Segmentation Segmentation is dividing an image into smaller segments or pieces [2]. Segmentation occurs on two levels. At first level both text and graphics are separated for further processing. At second level, segmentation is performed on text to separate paragraphs, words, and characters etc. Segmentation of text can be performed on a document, page, paragraph and character levels [3]. They suggested various segmentation approaches namely [4]. Holistic Method Segmentation based approach Segmentation free approach In holistic method whole word is classified using a dictionary, the features of test input are matched against trained prototypes [5]. The limitation is that the method is not good for larger classes and it can only be used with the other two methods. Segmentation divides a word into smaller segments. The image of the word is broken up into several entities called graphemes [4]. Segmentation depends on human intuition. In segmentation free approach character model can be used to concatenate characters and form words. For instance segmentation free approach can be based on Hidden Markov Model (HMM) that is a stochastic model. 1.2. Urdu Language and Text Segmentation Urdu is a cursive (written with the characters joined) writing language. Urdu language characters are similar in shape and have curves that make it difficult to recognize by a machine. Moreover it has more than one symbol to represent a character. Due to its cursive nature characters / scripts in Urdu language are hard to recognize by a computer program. A very accurate technique is needed to recognize / understand Urdu characters. Urdu characters have four elementary shapes Basic Symbols (38 Symbols) Table 1 shows the basic symbols / shapes for Urdu Language. Beginning Symbols (26 Symbols) Table 2 shows the basic symbols / shapes for Urdu Language. Mid Symbols (40 Symbols) Table 3 shows the basic symbols / shapes for Urdu Language. Other Symbols This includes symbols for numbers, special symbols like zabar, zair, paish etc. The symbol tables, Table 1, Table 2, Table3 and Table 4, for Urdu language are given below as: Table1. Basic Symbols Table 2. Beginning Symbols Table 3. Mid Symbols Table 4. Other Symbols We used Urdu script Nastaliq for our work. We extracted images for Urdu character set like basic, beginning, mid and other symbols using available Nastaliq font. Literature Review In a structural approach to script identification, stroke geometry has been utilized for script characterization and identification [6]. Individual character images in a document are classified either by applying a prototype classification or by using support vector machine. Ligatures are used for segmentation / recognition of Urdu characters. The ligature is a sequence of characters in a word separated by non-joiner characters like space. Their approach in [1] used ligature model and it is divided into two stages: Line Segmentation Line segmentation deals with the detection of text lines in the image. The image is scanned horizontally from right to left direction, upwards to downwards, in search of a text pixel. Afterwards, it is determined whether this pixel belongs to a primary ligature or a secondary ligature as shown in Fig 1. The freeman chain codes (FCC) of the ligature are compared with already calculated FCC of the secondary ligatures. Character Segmentation The text is skeletonized and a label matrix is constructed which contains the identifiers of all ligatures in the image. The position of individual characters in a word is determined. Segmentation is done using primary ligatures only. Fig 1. (a) Urdu word (b) Seven ligatures (c) Three Primary ligatures (d) Four Secondary ligatures [7]. Limitations of the method are: firstly, they performed segmentation on the basis of primary ligatures only, therefore, it will not differentiate between seen and sheen because it will ignore secondary ligatures i.e. dots. Secondly, dictionary of images stored for training will be huge. Thirdly, there are problems of over segmentation and under segmentation. In [8], they have proposed a ligature and word model for Urdu word segmentation. It was done in three phases: In 1st phase, data is collected. They identified Ligatures and calculated word probabilities using probabilistic measure. From the input set of ligatures, all sequences of words are generated and ranked using the lexicon lookup. In the 2nd phase, top k sequences are selected using a selected beam value for further processing. It uses valid words heuristic for selection process. In the third phase, maximum probable sequence from these k word sequences is selected. Their method used dictionary of ligatures/words, chain codes, and to find best probable sequences they used HMM toolkit HTK to recognize a word / ligature. They have recommended that their work can be further improved by using the character model for Urdu text segmentation [9]. A poor segmentation will lead to poor recognition [10]. They divided image into smaller blocks, check for uniformity, group uniform block using color similarity and identify text in this block [11]. They used edge density based noise detection to segment out text areas in video/ images [12]. Segmentation of an image into text and non-text regions effect performance in OCR development [13]. They proposed line segmentation method using histogram equalization, indicated various problems and text line into ligature using chain codes [14]. They presented bounding box based approach for segmentation of table of contents in Urdu script [15]. They analyzed horizontal and vertical projection profiles for line and character segmentation. Misclassification occurs at character level [16]. They proposed text line extraction using vertical projection, marking all points where pixel values are not found and text line into ligatures using stroke geometry [17]. They proposed identification of partial words (i.e. connected components) in text line and using horizontal / vertical projections to identify words using relative distance matching [18]. They used dictionary for text line and ligature segmentation in online text [19]. Problem Statement Previous work has limitations that it cannot correctly perform segmentation in few cases and there will be misclassification problems. Moreover it can recognize a limited set of connected components or ligatures only. Proposed Segmentation Algorithm We will enhance previous work by proposing an improved algorithm for Urdu script segmentation that will use a character model. For this purpose we have created a set of characters. There are about 114 characters excluding some special characters like zabar, zair, paish etc. We have used characters of fixed size and style in this work. We are using all the variations of each character in a writing style e.g. bay has three shapes a basic, a beginning and mid shapes. Our algorithm uses a character model with Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) for segmentation of Urdu text. To the best of our knowledge, this work has not been done previously. We have offline text i.e., scanned pre-processed B/W Urdu characters and we are using Matlab ver. 7.12 as programming tool. 4.1 Our Method Our method is divided into three broad steps: Step#1 Data Acquisition / Feature Extraction: In the first step, algorithm transforms images of symbols into binary form as a matrix. Then extract features from the images using our feature extraction program and store it into a disk. These features are represented as hidden states: X(i) = { x(0), x(1), . . . , x (k)} where each X (i) represents a feature (in matrix form) for each shape in an Urdu character set; x (k) is a position vector in the matrix X (i). Step#2 Get Observed data: The observed data contain sequences of Urdu characters. In our study we have used a line of Urdu text. After acquiring this filtered image, we have transformed it into binary form. Then extracted features from an image using our feature extraction program. This feature contains several Urdu characters in it. The algorithm will scan it and perform segmentation by calculating maximum probabilities with hidden states and locating observations in feature using HMMs. These observations form observable states: O(i) = { o(0), o(1), . . . , o(k)} where each O(i) represents feature (in matrix form) for each shape in observed states; o(k) is a positional vector in matrix O(i). Step#3 Apply HMMs: We are given: Hidden states: X(i) = { x(1), x(2), . . . , x(k)} where i = 1,2, †¦ , m (for m characters). Observable states: O(i) = { o(1), o(2), . . . , o(k)} where i = 1,2, †¦ , n. Initial Distribution X(0). In a hidden Markov model the state variable x(i) is observable only through its measurements o(i). Now, suppose that a sequence O(i) of emission has been observed. Fig 2 shows transformation of a character and an observed sequence that are captured using MATLAB matrices. (a) (b) Fig 2: (a) A m x n matrix showing Urdu character Alif. (b) Sample observation showing a connected component of two characters bay and alif spelled out ba. Instead of using characters our algorithm extracted features from all the characters to reduce computation complexity. These features will be used as hidden states in HMM i.e. x(i) and are stored on disk for example, features showing character alif and bay, captured using MATLAB, are shown below in fig 3. (a) (b) (c) Fig 3. (a) Feature for character Alif, (b) Feature for character Bay and (c) Feature for sample S(i) taken from word ba i.e. bay-alif. The algorithm extracts feature from line of sample text S(i). In forward algorithm, the feature s(1), †¦ , s(k) is matched against each of the hidden states x(i) by matching rows of x(i) with rows of S(i). The process continues for all characters and stops after calculating probabilities for all the characters i.e. P(X(i)|Z(i)). Afterwards it finds the maximization of probability and in this way it finds observation O(1) from the S(1). The forward algorithm will continue from s(k+1), †¦, s(L) to find observations O(2), †¦ , O(n). If there is more than one probable character, then we can use a so called Viterbi algorithm that will find argmax and will give the optimal probable sequence if we are not near to actual results. The algorithm for the HMMs is as under: Algorithm Segsha (S, L) j=1 while ( j < L ) for i = 1 to n Sample s(j) ~ {w} wi = pr(s(j)|X(i)) end-for O(i) = O(i) U {max( wi )} s(j) = s(j) + 1 end-while Where S is a sample feature of vectors obtained from an observed sequence O(i) i.e., a line of Urdu text; L is the dimension of S (length of S); S(j) is a sample taken from S each time to match against character feature X(i) and probability of matching will give us weights, wi, for each character; max(wi) is maximization of probability that proceeds as follows: Here max(wi) can be calculated by comparing wi ~ w and calculated by using the eq.1 [20]. Result A total of 1200 words were used that include all the characters in our character set. Sample scanned text was taken from Nastaliq font with point size 36. We found that 1176 out of 1200 were completely recognized. Not the whole word but only one or two characters in a word were misclassified. The accuracy of 97% was very encouraging for us and we are looking forward to work further in this area. Conclusion We tested our approach on images of text taken from Nastaliq font scanned at 300 dpi and found that better results can be achieved by using HMM with the character model. These results were checked on a prototype using a set of characters. We have achieved 97% accuracy. Future Work and Enhancements In future we are planning on two things: 1. To eliminate restriction of fixed font size and style. 2. To work with handwritten Urdu text. We will use both of the options using the same method but that is another story.

Hamlet †What Makes Polonius Indispensable? :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Hamlet – What Makes Polonius Indispensable?      Ã‚  Ã‚   Polonius, father to Laertes and Ophelia in the Shakespearean tragedy Hamlet, is vitally important to this play. Without his involvement there would be something seriously lacking. Let us dwell on the lord chamberlain in this essay.    In â€Å"Tragic Alphabet† Lawrence Danson explains Polonius’ use of â€Å"lie-detector† acting:    For the lie-detector use of acting is one we see much of in Hamlet, and though it shares certain characteristics with Hamlet’s use of acting, it is decisively not the same. Polonius is the great master of it – of using, that is, the indirection or downright falseness of acting to discover a truth. Polonius was in his time an amateur actor himself; appropriately, he played Caesar and was killed in the capitol. But we now see Polonius either as a theater critic (and it is a flat sort of criticism he practices, multiplying rigid categories while demanding that he be kept entertained), or as a director – of Laertes, Reynaldo, Ophelia, Gertrude. To each he recommends the use of seeming: in the case of Laertes it is to be nothing short of a life-style, but with the others it is specifically a means for getting at a hidden truth. (83)    In the Introduction to Twentieth Century Interpretations of Hamlet, David Bevington presents Polonius as similar to Hamlet in various ways:    Polonius, his [Hamlet’s] seeming opposite in so many ways, is, like Hamlet, an inveterate punster. To whom else but Polonius should Hamlet direct the taunt of â€Å"Words, words, words†? The aged counselor recalls that in his youth he â€Å"suffered much extremity for love, very near this,† and he has been an actor at the university. Polonius too has advice for the players: â€Å"Seneca cannot be too heavy, nor Plautus too light.† When Hamlet jibes at â€Å"so capital a calf† enacting Julius Caesar, killed in the Capitol, he reinforces the parallel to his own playacting and anticipates the slaying of Polonius behind the arras. (4)    Polonius’ entry into the play occurs at the social get-together of the royal court. Claudius has already been crowned; Queen Gertrude is there; Hamlet is present in the black clothes of mourning. When Laertes approaches Claudius to give his farewell before returning to school, the king asks Polonius: â€Å"Have you your father's leave? What says Polonius?† And the father dutifully answers:   

Seed Plants

The three main organs in a plant are roots , stems, and leaves. Roots absorb water and dissolved nutrients from soil. They anchor plants to the ground. Roots are able to do all of these jobs because they grow , they develop complex branching networks that penetrate the soil and grow between soil particles. Stems hold a plants leaves up to the sun. Leaves are the organ in which plants capture the suns energy. These tissues must be protected against water loss to dry air. That’s why most plants are covered in waxy coating called cuticle.Plants have a well developed two way plumbing system consisting of xylem and phloem Xylem is primary responsible for carrying water and dissolved nutrients from the roots to stems and leaves. Phloem carries product of photosynthesis and certain other substances from one part of the plant to another. Seed plants do have alternation of generation. However life cycles of seed plants are well adapted to the rigors of life on land. Flowers and cones a re specialized reproductive structures of seed plants.Because they developed within the sporophyte plant, neither the gametophyte nor the gametes need standing water to function The entire gametophye of seed plants is contained in a tiny structure called a pollen grain. The entire pollen grain is carried to the female gametophyte by wind, insects, birds, small animals, and sometimes even bats. The carrying of pollen to the female gamtophyte is called pollination. Seeds are structures that protect the zygote of seed plants. After fertilization the zygote grows into a tiny plant called an embryo. A seed coat surround the embryo and protects it and the food supply from drying out.The first seed bearing plants appeared during the Devonian period. The most ancient surviving seed plants belong to the three classes: the Ginkgoae, the Coniferae, and the cicadae. In these plants leaves evolved into specialized male and female gametophyte called scales. Scales then are grouped into larger str uctures called male and female cones. Male cones produce pollen and female produce eggs. Each seed is protected by a seed coat bu the seed is not covered by the cones. Because their seeds sit naked on the scales cycads, ginkoes and conifers are called naked seed plants or gymnosperm.Cycads are palmlike plants that first appeared in the fossil record during the Triassic period, 225 million years ago. They can be found growing in tropical and subtropical places. The living ginkoe species looks almost exactly like its fossil ancestor. It might be the oldest plant seed alive today. Conifers are commonly called evergreens are the most abundant gymnosperm today. Pines, spruce, fir, cedars , sequoias, redwoods, and yews are all conifers. Some conifers live more than 4000 years and can grow more than 100 meters tall. The leaves of conifers are long and thin and are often called needles.Both male and female gametophyte are very small. Males cones, called pollen cones, produce male gametophyt e in the form of pollen grains. Female cones called seed cones. Some species of conifers produces male and female cones on the same plant. Angiosperm are all the flowering plants. All angiosperm reproduce sexually through their flowers in a process that involves pollination. Angiosperm seeds are contained within a protective wall that develops into a structure called a fruit. Angiosperm can be separated into two sublclasses the monocot and dicots. The monocots include corn, wheat, lilies, dafflodils, orchids, and palms.The dicots include plants such as roses, clover, tomatoes, oaks, and daisies. The leaves of the embryo are called cotyledon. In some species of cotyledon are filled with food for the first leaves to carry on photosynthesis for the germinating plant. In monocots stems, xylem, and phloem tissues are gathered into vascular bundles that are scattered throughtout the stem. In dicots they are arranged in a ring near the outside of the stem. The process by which two organism s evolve structures and behaviors in response to changes in each other over time is called co-evolution.Flowers pollinate by wind. Wind pollinated plants usually have a small plain simple flowers with little or no fragrance. Most angiosperm are not pollinated by the wind. They are pollinated by insects, birds or mammals . In return the flowers provide pollinators with food. Vector pollination or pollination by the actions of animals is a very efficient way of getting the male gametophyte to the female gamete. It is more efficient than wind pollination because it does not waste enormous amount of pollen. The process of distributing seeds away from parent plants is called seed dispersal.

14 Character Archetypes to Help You Build a Strong Character Cast

14 Character Archetypes to Help You Build a Strong Character Cast 14 Character Archetypes to Help You Build a Strong Character Cast Using character archetypes in your book is a great way to ensure you have a diverse cast with specific roles.Because without good charactersyour readers wont find a good reason to keep readingThe character development of your story can make the biggest difference in hooking real fans for lifeand losing readers for good.Well help you discover some character archetypes you can use to ensure your readers are ensnared in the grasp of your story from start to finish.Heres a list of 14 character archetypes:The LeaderThe OutsiderThe CaregiverThe RebelThe MentorThe ProfessorThe WarriorThe HunkThe WiseThe OrphanThe HeroThe JesterThe SeducerThe BullyNOTE: If youre ready to take these archetypes to the next step and flesh them out with your very own coach, check out our VIP Fiction Selfs: The LeaderFor more clarity, here are some recognizable examples of this character archetype where you can easily identify these traits.Harry Potter in the Harry Potter series by J.K. Rowling Throughout the se ries, Rowling paint Harry as a leader in several ways. We first see him as less than a leader, living under the stairs but as the story progresses, his leadership shines in several ways. Firstly, he decides to forgo friendship with Draco Malfoy because, well, he doesnt believe him to be a good person. This sets the stage for even more leadership characteristics as he stands up to Snape, and ultimately takes on Voldemort in the end. His leadership continues to grow as he leads his friends and classmates through difficult times in the series.Katniss Everdeen in The Hunger Games trilogy by Suzanne Collins The first act of leadership we see from Katniss is the very beginning of the story. She is hunting for her familyso they can eat. Its a very basic form of leadership thats necessary due to her moms state after her father passes away. We continue to see her leadership flourish as she volunteers as tribute, sets a precedent of distaste for the games, and ultimately saves both her own a nd Peetas life by the end of the first book.Tobias Kaya in The Saviors Champion by Jenna Moreci Tobias begins the book as a provider for his family. This leadership role is necessary due to his sisters disability. As the book progresses and Tobias enters the deadly tournament, allies seem to be his only means of survival. He bands together (somewhat reluctantly) with a few key competitors and soon finds himself as the voice of their group, making decisions out of instinct without even realizing the position hes in.#2 Character Archetype: The Outsider/WildcardThis character archetype serves a very distinct purpose. Oftentimes, this is a character that adds a layer of mystery and intrigue to the story.For example, this character wont be close to your main character or even other secondary characters. They often come into the story to aid or solve a specific issue, but can also be seen as untrustworthy.Character Archetype Examples:Johanna Mason in The Hunger Games trilogy Johannah M ason meets Katniss and Peeta during the opening of the 75th Hunger Games. Wild, unpredictable, and untrustworthy is our first reactions to her, solidifying her character archetype as the outsider or wildcard. Because her character is so unpredictable, were both worried and interested in what shell do next, which increases the tension when she appears on the page.Luna Lovegood in the Harry Potter series Luna Lovegood is a very important character in the Harry Potter series but is often seen as an outsider not only from her own perspective but from others. We dont really know what shell do next and this adds to the intrigue of any scene shes in.#3 Character Archetype: The CaregiverThis character archetype speaks for itself. The caregiver is essentially the character who serves to take care of others.They often have qualities that are parently and can be the voice of reason when the plot thickens. This character is one others often turn to for help, reassurance, and even encouragemen t.Characters may also wonder how theyd get through what they have without this one character ensuring their safety and wellbeing.Character Archetype Examples:Louisa Clark in Me Before You The main purpose of this characters role is to be a caretaker. Her job in the story is to care for a disabled man. The characteristics she possesses in the story are directly in line with this character archetype of being a voice of reason, encouragement, and caring for others in the story.Hermione Granger in the Harry Potter series While Hermiones character serves several purposes throughout the story, a major contributing factor to her narrative is the care she takes of both Ron and Harry. How many times throughout the series do the two of them even say, What would I do without you? This is a common reaction to the caretaker character archetype.#4 Character Archetype: The RebelMany main characters can fall under The Rebel character archetype because this trait often leads to interesting and in triguing conflict readers latch onto.Keep in mind, however, that this is also a great archetype to use for villains or antagonists.The qualities that make up The Rebel archetype are exactly what youd expect; the characters often go against the grain, resist rules, regulations, and orders, as well as follow their own paths.Character Archetype Examples:Fred and George from the Harry Potter series While Fred and George, twin brother of Ron Weasley in the series, are also known as The Jester character archetypes (which well cover below), theyre primarily rebels as well. The most infamous instance that showcases this is in book 5 when Delores Umbridge takes over. They drive her out with their own invented pranks, sticking it to the man in the way they know how best.Katniss Everdeen in The Hunger Games trilogy Katniss may not have thought herself a rebel at first, but her actions quickly showcase her natural rebel side. From threatening to eat Nightlock berries at the end of the first b ook to actually leading the rebellion as a whole, shes The Rebel through and through.#5 Character Archetype: The MentorOne of the most iconic (and sometimes clichà ©d) characters in stories is The Mentor.Im sure many examples are already popping up in your mind for this one. A classic example of this is Albus Dumbledore in the Harry Potter series.The Mentor character archetype is someone who serves as a source of information, motivation, support, and encouragement usually for the protagonist or that group in a novel.This character is also commonly used as an exposition element in the sense that they can provide information to the protagonist that the audience also needs to know, but in a natural way that doesnt feel like infos:Albus Dumbledore in the Harry Potter series As mentioned above Albus Dumbledore is a prime example of a mentor in this series. He guides, teaches, supports, and encourages not only Harry, but several students he grew close to throughout the series.Haymitch Abernathy in The Hunger Games trilogy This may be unclear at first, but Haymitch is literally and figuratively The Mentor in this trilogy. His character literally mentors Katniss and Peeta in the games as his duty but later mentors them in ways unrelated to the games by offering advice and taking on their personal conflicts.#6 Character Archetype: The ProfessorThe Professor and The Mentor are very similar character archetypes. However, with The Professor the emphasis is on their role as an educator and teacher instead of just a mentor.Therefore, Dumbledore can be seen as The Professor, though another character occupies that role in this series.This character archetype is usually a teacher or educator the main character grows close to. The key defining factor is that The Professor both teaches in a formal way, but also takes an interest in aiding your characters personal life and journey. They offer guidance and help when the characters need it most and can be a gos:John Keating in Dead Poets Society In this iconic story, Professor Keating guides his students on a journey through poetryand adolescence. Not only does he teach his students poetry in a way they can understand and appreciate, hes also instrumental in developing Todd Anderson, the main character and student.Professor McGonagall in the Harry Potter series This archetype is evident in Professor McGonagall as well. Her role is to be an educator and to hold students to the highest standard, pushing them and even creating conflict within the story.Mr. Bruner in The Edge of 17 Mr. Bruner is Nadines teacher and also someone she goes to for guidance in her personal life. He not only serves as her educator in school, but hes a confidant for Nadines personal problems and helps her get through them.#7 Character Archetype: The WarriorWhen you think of this character archetype, its very evident which characters fall under this category.Think of the best warriors in any movie where they appear. Those charac ters are often tough, confident, and skilled in combat. Many army officers, commanders, and persons in charge of armies will occupy this archetype.But a character doesnt need to be in a role of combat or military in order to be The Warrior. They can possess qualities of a warrior without the title.The Warrior can also be both a good or bad character.Character Archetype Examples:Gray Worm in the Game of Thrones series Chosen to lead the Unsullied under command of Daenarys Stormborn in this series because he has no fear, his character is the epitome of The Warrior. He is fierce, skilled, battles:The Adonis in The Saviors Champion by Jenna Moreci In the Sovereigns Tournament, a competition to the death to win the hand of The Savior, there are several competitors, one of which is nicknamed The Adonis. This character is very much the stereotypical hunk with no brains, and it serves a very distinct purpose in this novel. Hes a fans:Gandalf in the Lord of the Rings Series While this cha racter also serves as The Mentor, its important to note that hes a very wise, alls:Tony Stark from The Marvel comics Although Stark loses his parents at the age of 21, this plays a big role in who he is in the franchise. After they pass, he has to take over his fathers company, where he grows into the person we really know him as: Ironman. Their death also plays a pivotal plot point in storylines later as well.Harry Potter in the Harry Potter series Harrys parents died when he was a baby but they left before something so important, the series could not have been written ass:Heres a long list of The Hero character archetypes:Harry PotterKatniss EverdeenMarvel SuperheroesMatilda Wormwood in MatildaHuckleberry FinnBeowulfAtticus FinchNeville LongbottomHermione GrangerRon WeasleyThe entire Order of the PhoenixPeeta MellarkTobias Kaya#12 Character Archetype: The JesterIf your favorite character in stories is ever the goofball whos really funny, theyre likely The Jester character arche type.This type of character has a few jobs, the main one being comedic relief. They can serve as a strong literary device to cut the tension in order to give characters a relief, or to distract from something worse coming up.A couple of key identifiers of The Jester in stories is that they cut tension either with what they say or do, are the butt of every joke, or make others the butt of every joke. The Jesters job is to elicit laughs and keep the scene and mood light.Character Archetype Examples:Fred and George Weasley in the Harry Potter series Weve already talked about these rebels but theyre also very much Jesters for this series. They make jokes and even pull pranks, both of which lighten the mood of a story thats very dark.Fat Amy in Pitch Perfect The story of Pitch Perfect is made hilarious by Fat Amy, one of the main characters. She adds jokes, comedy by the way her character acts, and generally brings the story to a new level of funny.Dory in Finding Nemo Weve all laughe d at Dory in this story. Because of her short memory, there are plenty of moments for jokes and laughter, not to mention her characters general demeanor.#13 Character Archetype: The Seductress/SeducerWith this character archetype, theres a very specific goal of the seducing behavior.Most often, this character is someone whos attractive and can seduce someone in order to get something they want, or even to subdue them in order to do this.The main point of The Seducer archetype is to trick someone into being vulnerable in order to gain the upper hand in any type of situation, whether thats life or death or simply getting out of a speeding ticket.Character Archetype Examples:Dominika Egorova in Red Sparrow This character archetype for this movie is quite unique. While her character, with the alias of Katerina, may not have been this type to start, she is taught this very specific skill in order to achieve her goals as a spy.Black Widow in the Marvel comics Similar to the previous ex ample, this character was trained in many art forms, seducing being one of them. Her character often has to seduce men, playing to their deepest desires, in order to extract information for the intelligence agency she works with.#14 Character Archetype: The BullyWe all know a bully in real life and stories have no exception to their presence. Of the character archetypes, this one is easy to stop.Its is often used to make your main characters life a lot harder. They can be a bully physically or even emotionally. As long as they belittle your character to the point of increasing conflict in the story, theyre The Bully.Character Archetype Examples:Draco Malfoy in the Harry Potter series From the get-go, Draco Malfoy has bullied Harry Potter and his friends. He puts them down, tries to disrupt them with their plans, and even tries to have Harry killed (and kill him himself) later in the series.Regina George in Mean Girls This character is the epitome of a bully. She puts others down and makes them feel like less than, so much so that the climax of the movie comes to a head with her burn book, which consists of a diary of bullying comments about others.Patty in Diary of a Whimpy Kid There are several bullies in this story, the main characters own brother being one, but Patty indeed holds this title as well. She consistently bullies Greg throughout the story.Are your characters ready for their own book?If youre ready to take the next step, the real step toward launching yourself as an established author, this training will help.Now that you have your character archetypes, its time to put the wheels of writing your book in motion.

Qualities of a good leader

Qualities of a good leader What makes a good leader of a country? A leader can be defined as someone who leads others. According to Greer, â€Å"a leader can be someone who is in charge or commands others in an organization or a country† (30). Leadership cannot be based solely on an individual’s responsibility. It is important to add that a leader is not just about politics. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Qualities of a good leader specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thus, leaders can be found in every sector including sports, entertainment, and corporate sector among other areas. The argument about leadership focus on: what are the right qualities? What should the leaders do to strengthen these qualities? How are these qualities developed? This paper seeks to argue the qualities that ultimately define a good leader in a country. To answer the question on what makes a good leader appropriate, it is important to acknowledge that tr aditional qualities that have defined a good leader such as aptitude, strength, determination, and vision are not sufficient in today’s world. In this changing world, a leader- in addition to the listed qualities- needs a high degree of emotional intelligence. A look at history can reveal a number of highly skilled and intelligent leaders who took over leadership of their country only for them to perform dismally. Therefore, it can be concluded that finding the right leader is an art and science. Notably, â€Å"although leaders may share general qualities, each leader has a personal style of doing things. Some leaders are passive and analytical while others are very proactive and confrontational† (Daft and Lane 52). Another important thing to acknowledge is that a leader, especially in a country or state, will often face different situations that will often require different approaches. While pursuing diplomacy, the leader will be required to be a sensitive negotiator ; while consoling victims of a disaster, the leader will need to show empathy and comfort; when dealing with state enemies, the leader is needed to have a forceful authority. The general conclusion, in my opinion, is that, to be leader, intelligence, hard work, and vision are important aspects to consider. However, even with all these, a leader should have the emotional intelligence to be successful and sustain the leadership status that is made possible by the primary characteristics listed. There are various aspects of emotional intelligence that are critical to good leadership. According to Goleman, â€Å"they include self-awareness, enthusiasm and responsiveness. Others include group skills and self-regulation† (21). Researchers have carried out studies in the corporate world, and the results have shown that emotional intelligence is often what distinguishes the outstanding leader. Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get you r first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The first component I analyze is the aspect of self-awareness. This refers to the ability to have a deep understanding of one’s emotions, strengths, weaknesses, motivational factors. To be self aware means that one is honest with his or herself. It also implies that the individual is neither critical of others nor unrealistic. Further, individuals who are self aware can predict how different emotions will affect them and the performance of their work. For example, a leader who has self awareness may know that interviews with the press often make him or her nervous. Therefore, it is prudent to avoid such interviews and choose other methods of communication. The same self awareness can be applied when it comes to ideals and values in which an individual believes. It has often been said that a leader who does not believe in anything will fall for anything. Therefore, the leader with self-awareness will be able to turn down a n investor’s request to set up a big industry in the country if that investment will hurt the environment. Weak leaders who lack self awareness will accept to do something, but after two or three years down the line, they will rescind their decision. It can be noted that people who have self awareness are coherent and articulate. They are able to speak openly and precisely tackle the areas they are addressing. They are also able to describe themselves accurately (Northouse 154). The other component of emotional intelligence is self regulation. From the onset, it is important to acknowledge that emotions are part human life. Although humans cannot do away with emotions, it is possible to control and manage them. Self regulation is the ability to manage and control ones feelings in order to make one free from distractions. In this case, individuals should also be able to direct these feelings to a useful channel. For example, a leader may witness a shambolic presentation by m embers of his cabinet to a key investor. With the disappointment, the leader may feel the urge to kick a chair or bang the table which will bring a negative side of him to the investors. Therefore, self-regulation is the ability to apologize to the investor and carefully select the words that will authoritatively, yet humbly explain to the members of the cabinet the areas that will need to be corrected. Another example is when the leader of a country faces a threat of attack from another country. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Qualities of a good leader specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In such a delicate matter, one wrong move can cost the country in many ways. However, if the leader maintains calmness, does not panic, and can prepare the relevant stakeholders to deal with the problem, then the effect is different, and the damage can be controlled. Self-regulation is also a strong pillar of integrity. Thornton no ted, â€Å"on many occasions, people with integrity are often caught in decisions that lack integrity† (p.13). Although such leaders have integrity, they lack self-regulation, which often enhances integrity. An example is a leader who is faced with a crisis and has no solution for the crisis. In the heat of things, the leaders may decide to apply a solution that is outside the law. Thus, although the action may have been intended to help the country, lack of self regulation may lead the leader to undermine his own integrity. The third aspect of emotional intelligence is motivation. It is almost an unwritten rule that a good leader should have motivation. In this context, motivation refers to the urge to achieve. A motivated leader is one who is never contented with the status quo. They are always striving to do better things and doing them differently. Such leaders often raise the performance bar, and they keep track of the scores. In this case, a good example is Thomas Sank ara, the slain leader of Burkina Faso from Africa. Sankara became the leader of Burkina Faso at a time when the country was reliant on donor funds. Uncomfortable, with the status quo, he led his countrymen on an overdrive to practice farming to a level that had hitherto been unseen. The country was for the first time able to feed all its population without the aid from foreign countries. The same leader introduced a government policy requiring all top government officials to stop the usage of the extravagant Mercedes Benzes. Instead, government officials were encouraged to use the modest Volkswagen vehicles so as to save money for increment of teacher’s salaries. The fourth component of emotional integrity is empathy. The uniqueness of this component is that, unlike the aforementioned components, this component is very easy to identify and recognize. However, the modern world will rarely reward a leader in business or politics on account of empathy. In this case, the convent ional understanding of empathy is to be able to take other peoples feelings and give them priority as if they were one’s own. In this context, empathy refers to the ability of the leader to consider the interests of all stakeholders when making decisions. The last component is the idea of social skills. The two components are related as they are concerned with the ability to establish meaningful relationships with other people. A leader is always leading and managing people. Thus, a good leader should be able to get along with these people.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More From the discussion, it is clear that, to lead a country, a great team is what will deliver great leadership. However, in every country, there is a leader. Some are led by a monarch, others by dictators, or others like the United States by a democratically elected leader. In monarchs and dictatorships, leaderships will tend to be highly concentrated around an individual. On the other hand, democracies allow power to be decentralized to other institutions like the parliament, judiciary and the executive. The common denominator is that, whether the power is decentralized or centralized, the leader or leaders of the country need to possess certain qualities to lead the country effectively. The argument put forward is that, apart from the conventional qualities, a good leader of a country should possess the quality of emotional intelligence. Daft, Richard, and Patricia Lane. The Leadership Experience. Mason, OH: Thomson/South-Western, 2008. Print. Goleman, Daniel. Emotional Intelligen ce: Why It Can Matter More Than IQ. London: Bloomsbury, 1996. Print. Greer, Eddie. Dare To Lead: Continuous Learning Creates The Best Leaders. Professional Safety, 56.6 (2011): 30-31. Print. Northouse, Peter. Leadership: Theory and Practice. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 2010. Print. Thornton, Grant. What makes a good leader? 2008. Web. www.grant-thornton.co.uk/pdf/20-leadership-report.pdf